If Dad goes to a nursing home, will all his property go to the state?

This something for a lawyer when a lot of property is involved. Usually a Medicaid recipient can keep a house and a car. If there is a Community spouse assets are split, spending down the Medicaid recipients part.

Make sure you get a lawyer versed in Medicaid.

Medicaid has no interest in impoverishing the community spouse, i.e., the spouse who is not in the NH.

A Medicaid application for a couple is NOT a DIY project. Get mom to a certified eldercare attorney.