What does it mean for my mom If step-dad deeds away his land?

We can offer ideas and suggestions, but to make sure all this is done legally, you need to have an attorney on board. Does anyone have POA for Mom? Has she sold her land? Is she in a facility? I would have to say that if Mom’s name appears nowhere on any of Dad’s legal papers, he can do what he wants but I’m not a lawyer. When my husband’s family dissolved their business, the checks went to him, but it was deposited in our joint account (by him).

It really depends on the state laws. You need to ask an attorney.

I agree there are so many legalities specific to each state you have to consult an attorney. But with that said if they kept their holdings that separate I'm not sure how you are thinking it might affect your mom or why you have that concern. Is he in control of her farm and holdings somehow or do the farms share land? I mean are both farms grazing livestock or using crops from the same fields are you concerned whoever is running mom's farm wont have the use of land they count on? Is their income from the 2 farms combined and your concerned about the funds for your moms care being affected? Do you have a good relationship with her husband and his children, might it make sense to ask them this question directly? Again, you should probably consult an attorney but I might hold off having them contact anyone before you do yourself if the relationship isn't contentious because having lawyers "speak for you" can often create that even if it's innocent and not the intent.