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Was she socially active before becoming more frail? Or was she primarily a loner? If the latter, attempting now to involve her in social activities probably is a non-starter. If the former, you might have to focus on her specific limitations and try to figure out ways to compensate.
E.g., declining mobility is a major issue, as is the fear of falling. Possibilities of addressing this in terms of social contact are whether or not she's using assistive devices and whether or not they're suitable for her. I.e., is she using a cane, walker, rollator, wheelchair?
Other factors are sensory ones. If she wears glasses, are they current? Is she able to hear well? What about sense of balance (a doctor can script for home PT to help with this)?
If she can't get around, it's a major deterrent to mobility. You might even want to jot down each of the issues and conditions which challenge her socialization, then try to think of ways to compensate for them.
E.g., there are social activities at senior centers, but if limited mobility is a factor in getting to the center, find out if there are paratransit facilities provided by the center. If someone takes her from her door to the facility, there's a sense of safety and she's not alone.
If she's not comfortable going out, how can you get create alternative methods of communication? Can friends' families bring their friends over? Can they meet somewhere, such as a restaurant? Caregivers and their parents? What other means of getting together are possible? Do they attend the same church? Any club interests? Book club, reading interests? The caregivers can provide the transportation and either stay and participate or return later.
Can friends bring over their elder, leave him or her for dinner (and/or stay themselves? Could pot lucks work for a larger group? The family members can start the conversations and keep them going. But recognize also that sometimes larger groups are unsettling to elders, especially if there are very active young children.
Sometimes you really do have to work on potential solutions on a one by one basis. Your questions are very, very relevant, but the solutions are not easy to identify.
But remaining at home is one method, and it's worked for my father. Since he's been a woodworker, gardener, and more, and has built some beautiful woodworking projects, some of the neighbors ask for his advice, or to borrow something from his massive tool collection. This leads to chatting; the neighbor brings over some food, leading to more socialization.
This is one of the reasons I feel that some elders benefit from remaining in their home and interacting with younger neighbors, especially those with families. Seeing the little ones, going out to meet neighbors walking their dogs...these are all very healthy and helpful activities.
How do you encourage, and enable, friends (who may have their own mobility & other aging-related issues) and family members, including kids, grandkids, nieces, nephews, etc. (who may have their own limitations related to family, work & personal issues) to stay engaged with an aging parent? How can you get the larger circle of family & friends to help keep an aging parent socially connected and emotionally well? How can you do that in a way that works for your aging parent, the other family members & friends, and yourself (the overwhelmed, primary family caregiver)?